Inside the Abraham Accords: Secret US deals, Iran threat and future of Middle East

The Abraham Accords, signed in 2020 between Israel and several Arab nations, functioned primarily as a security alliance against Iran rather than a traditional peace treaty. The agreements involved undisclosed transactions, including the United States providing fighter jets to the UAE and removing Sudan from a terrorism list. Documents indicate Hamas launched its October attack partly to prevent Saudi Arabia from normalising relations with Israel. As of May 2026, efforts continue to expand the accords to include nations like Saudi Arabia, Turkey, and Egypt to counter Iran, though Pakistan has declined. The potential inclusion of Saudi Arabia could fundamentally alter Middle Eastern geopolitics, despite criticisms regarding the unresolved Palestinian issue.